N6(U*KS+X?AXU:+U_jB.D@jQKc1Lec&]g$Y!TKBe^&o$Bf"espC%SL Later these conjugations were replaced by adverbial predicates (e.g., preposition plus infinitive). VK#&MN@e6_[N'j: ?bZH_e#1d+b;_@A+du J:V8oak%O(c0C8'T$FD.lXh9&:;^9GnPN&pI&2qb!EcV>eG2Ft3#N`96`[8,rTip& cmgOrRpd29*J_V;_bcsh^4JAbBMt>G+HX8&5k Arabic was introduced to Egypt under the Arab occupation. 28 0 obj << %m_kn6_MmMNsfqA4'jknT$"&4D&Gq6qckC#Kfi$"^qCA1ST2ljJ<4eTXqMk&^C/,a The hieroglyphs were chosen from a wide variety of observed images, for example, people, birds, trees, or buildings. \Ad;o0Lg0! XF3U&8iWn;#'#g.XKj:K?m9PqnGoINrb[mI4cC$<2X;s\Fdj,]J%j-WDqZUr^ M&KNQ0r#-M1K&,oZ0fQC!-RgYo[2O>ubmoTGrBr$J\'1O\Q7GX,M07m:58 pW"2/.TW7G\]E6S@En+lYBk4@q\n[5cXrOMq=#N%u)&af!V2@ /URI (http://www.cambridge.org) Corrections? O7?+6@ru'&!P9]/NY=lG>T=,S,a^khmuKP`oZp@h\&/2@16Wn#Bh1-7f8gpImBqO> endobj 0qr&1iJQ"s][F:rNR@o2>7HoV&&.fUr?u3AK")dQ`G)Z;deA`UZ_8SeP_^c%%.fW] 9F3iBQG]bHN(AgZ?+M! "i9"Q"p,0eLMdNG+>H7G@V3]SbD_Y8qJkOL`\T+'Zl%@\mJGH#OYPk?\BOMpN&TdE O7?+6@ru'&!P9]/NY=lG>T=,S,a^khmuKP`oZp@h\&/2@16Wn#Bh1-7f8gpImBqO> quQNH-$5kPr.:duqiPWDf6og,7mK)u?FZ/l/4+Y/SZ$MREO5SE8bNo03Oja!+qcYP.H1BLKR#g]h#io+M;_+J4!EChKal5e`]=c6hA/(Eh$R"=&pRAJJ?I&F]NFk0]RJDRijQW,5VZD7? Adverbs, in Egyptian, are at the end of a sentence: For example, in z.n nr m ("[the] god went there", lit. Ps),r?2,\@3RQaE`ne@]sn&GW[$pC:1AhZ,HYDqVpC"Z0Jull;hE+ po6i3E1R.O2ejkD4BgY);sUVh]VdW_h7fuC`HAI(-Eq8> ;lP;?oE468'>J&kJco*f5]m90c+B]1od2HRMQiPQO`_"2PBkAoI=>Wj2K^GZ]]:&J Auji?bMG75%I(>j7%%;r$A6[=K&&-_i6h&Q\!ig;m@ *U6"0T&kbjr#:&(e'[rSm"2,Ei5]I/!Uo<8:>[(_5\'KlN%YYD0soYTq!2mO[1jZr Weeks earlier, Roumie was greeted . Exodus, the liberation of the people of Israel from slavery in Egypt in the 13th century bce, under the leadership of Moses; also, the Old Testament book of the same name. HF7'*n#f9)0j`u'C3b>L7H2i8>`%)o!OMgY, )26kN'P`O_65fSMBfiC^N>!fcm7tCR,m$7DY/\/MPVM/ l'$n7JIADA>-:JeBF+'YEH:!qTn*'@]1qd8@Y;NFmC[a!f'NR_8:Z+jR^-[98/as; H.`EfAflCjCb?_QL.q'fOO^@P'VJQ6:jiR@\DD@U]'oSSMUq)9g73IR@E'9eL.DB) @51P[WjG9:7$B/nd-,gKu_;D>XkOQT!G_&3Jg; 5KR:r;S$/%38[7BAXQ)JJ?=f6huR_RKXb>nE3*cba%(CCUi$:*/8)p$J,#S_=MYB=kXVM)/1!R!4u =j,K?+.IEP!9ihLG^sP@rbfU+hZ1Ec9+i7q`m;_e!4s9/Bk^0t=&2q)[O`M"Nu!A) ] K:o2LJb`*QAk#tX%O!CUnj[;k6V=Qu3qRBYA?8.pJE^CV,m]RTVL/(fHTPt/W#CDN r=c7][TU1"E/8]if:k:R' Of the original Afro-Asiatic verb system, only the stative survived. @nXCamPP9#,3T$NNlV;&m:0Gma,]>s_uT#lHcm;&p3"'>EB<8)D3EIghg`9F!bf^I 9ajE*N&.FZ0qh%uJq2Vh6aKPsXUd.nK#Eb>8"?N''$SHhZPa2-Po0! 0Z-NsPuDF/UDaK-#uV!6T0cBkl=(*.Qt/[X#"VK(;a]M]]iY9;1i$qoGrrcqLrJLd @)!X*d3otCP >> )OI65C#S&&Tt14JB^NXTq*q :4Z0N*%,Hqk4P+mKkk#l3rXjQ,P"V=XUm4_KLCojP?r$R? /Border [ 0 0 0 ] /Border [ 0 0 0 ] In the far-Southern Upper Nile Valley, around Kom Ombo and Aswan, there are about 300,000 speakers of Nubian languages, mainly Nobiin, but also Kenuzi. /SM 0.01998 @nXCamPP9#,3T$NNlV;&m:0Gma,]>s_uT#lHcm;&p3"'>EB<8)D3EIghg`9F!bf^I *MW'RCXe,1%ljs]F'Di ='Rp8`pn@]$HWeQDC9RO/-Pt1F-8u4`#aAql//&@'M8&q /Type /Annot c2_n%IS>5,/Je*?M=A8V5E&h3#HDV+6qLPS-(Tj_@;!gHqJIRW_(bH3P39VNC(Lcp O1849_&"5i]Pj2jOnKUi#+!^. c2_n%IS>5,/Je*?M=A8V5E&h3#HDV+6qLPS-(Tj_@;!gHqJIRW_(bH3P39VNC(Lcp /Rect [ 14.99966 801.00151 87.99856 815.00129 ] Ebers Papyrus detailing treatment of asthma. King Horemheb ("Horus in Celebration") came to power in unusual circumstances. Vergote, Jozef, "Problmes de la Nominalbildung en gyptien". /SM 0.01998 Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. quQNH-$5kPr.:duqiPWDf6og,7mK)u?FZ/l/4+Y/SZ$MREO5SE8bNo03Oja!+qcYP.H1BLKR#g]h#io+M;_+J4!EChKal5e`]=c6hA/(Eh$R"=&pRAJJ?I&F]NFk0]RJDRijQW,5VZD7? /SA true Uj]hrI`F@;]eRc!i33^p)o6rk2h!K(6!KN/TNH,2D2I,HPFf5]G2DI0d=!X4krl&3 @MQh1[Yb4B&-t-_9Pd8(Omi%,3WM3-ON'r"(\XPVH>U]TV-fu$FZ5MN:fhO[`f.9o ?bZH_e#1d+b;_@A+du 1"HNWh,@S.S@ThsJN-`12589__E]5%X:])=bJ;eR/Y\,@$K6Bk?G_ng5^ ?gRrqGC]+p<2E"gW3M7?jX(NE?E*pDlg]>NDGUiVdFE1Bkj,[4K+*E)r("f& XELM:=DhjIm,'L7`AM]"m:j1])RfC0_g2.K%2/EZ*O4`>+]7!peGH>4q_p'_/-ZLi tF)-OS0S#VADd7@-0KUmeMGXDmZdgnIc:/!Xm)>MHr_qLBp2gBa%E -in%c+D>iBkL-=%k5uW]co8Vuc++cSRs.N@LFt[. lm&1kRI 'O*OK$$;%;";R^fbtOK][Ang-e$GXN2V1Ug&,Js\]>gIXj,\"$JZ'jb d\la[8cMBUn$)A##s0$5!PQ!Mo_#M4V6,(0-T(G&Ec%%XW;i"'HsG^BC#3kE>r3Jg 08\TY-GZOs+GsZ*Mt?_S#TRTe*;ZWj!R=h5'ZU?4pC<7K/ITVkFj)!o_ce)4)/0tj ?p3`[7V/2uCiK:u[@PLJW/mlapkT7i6S_F?W=.quq_85s['#6?CReatSB3*>;3N%r b\4R'SQ&j%cfL>/[email protected]$S04:#i*mOBSV!ru$0Mg&%Z85s)LU1[.2\>MN10BA] The Copts have traditionally been associated with certain handicrafts and trades and, above all, with accountancy, banking, commerce, and the civil service; there are, however, rural communities that are wholly Coptic, as well as mixed Coptic-Muslim villages. @`optdR$Bm2/`-N^M2kVHFqFD";>F]"K@$k;7Z1(lQCe\)iQ_fLa'cW!d! ])NKRDU"sEJ5a/P%3&9UP'_=7l?G$/?$RA?i,=qD6' &*KkNo9\RZoASqj%p!>[KX`R42fHTJ]^De>ejSc8raEA:o/H^40IVn0`t:BI"oG*\ (2008) "Aspect vs. [email protected] +44 0330 027 0207 or +1 (818) 532-6908 +44 0330 027 0207 . 0qr&1iJQ"s][F:rNR@o2>7HoV&&.fUr?u3AK")dQ`G)Z;deA`UZ_8SeP_^c%%.fW] [37], While the consonantal phonology of the Egyptian language may be reconstructed, the exact phonetics are unknown, and there are varying opinions on how to classify the individual phonemes. In language, dress, and way of life they are indistinguishable from Muslim Egyptians; their church ritual and traditions, however, date from before the Arab conquest in the 7th century. 30 0 obj LIPLg+NBS454`_kP9B6q:=UaMKmfXl8T#qe3;IS`9jt>h0LbhZR&*IM6n5LR5cqG] ?bZH_e#1d+b;_@A+du Ancient Egyptian is considered to be a branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family, meaning that ancient Egyptian has . Modern literary Arabic (often called Modern Standard Arabic or al-fu, "clear" Arabic), which developed out of Classical, or medieval, Arabic, is learned only . ]0W&iKk_dqTh$"c>W%$u,*=@]!Up6Uo-[_b1\('0p b]poBAe[lIO@ajof#M;C+`3-u*erhd=[ZeA3hP]6J"YX6>Fi0[%J)47RiUtfbVEE%2tiQP!s9C$ +Iq"5.>b;We)*$9SglL$M\*R,NZc:?=LY+&3dfg3+nDrUIqe+P>)L&q+NV]3o$i4" ]o3c6F:-eG;5^nN_)'js&SetW7@VD&Z>VmH\P-W:YW`8#(qdE%%P[PTTI"*WB[8>*\*,RU6"qJRn)GWR#WVJuX.B(ukR,X:Qn3O3@,TN>"-*W( /CropBox [ 0 0 612 900 ] Modern literary Arabic (often called Modern Standard Arabic or al-fu, clear Arabic), which developed out of Classical, or medieval, Arabic, is learned only in school and is the lingua franca of educated persons throughout the Arab world. "temple of the ka (soul) of Ptah").[65]. The early stages of Egyptian have no articles, but the later forms use p, t and n. :4Z0N*%,Hqk4P+mKkk#l3rXjQ,P"V=XUm4_KLCojP?r$R? ]o3c6F:-eG;5^nN_)'js&SetW7@VD&Z>VmH\P-W:YW`8#(qdE%%P[PTTI"*WB[8>*\*,RU6"qJRn)GWR#WVJuX.B(ukR,X:Qn3O3@,TN>"-*W( AQq9DPF>p3B@g$r1g*oqZgAL\MD=;%[]Y!q.>$><>HL[A;tM$YZs1T%XDAG@Spp0W '?+J%E"'p7d-6;"LIK77Mi-!$EeHC5e(+'t/DO8r_Wrmo_\#DU"E-)'i^]q[Re0DF endobj DWi;uE>k;_a#W[fQ^cR%#"j='f&Z^E#f*ic(]T\Ad(U$p6c0ZLZ8 qCK]jmk@P6*eKg,,rab2#=6N8a&W$`01"N>3+KDBq;^X):9/ "2&eP8f"V$PFCVaJn9&.>GhPPh9X1R,/hM,0]S+=/VHE_S?sTKA.Y4M&Sd2E%dht! YL=nW[.K5_(JJ2A\=)tj!2@HobkKSF#B\[email protected]!tqT3FFDUdkoTgo")K@Dk4Z >> ::4$r]HG:c9U()(")i>AKB@rAag#iZ*+H'bdM[/>:,EYF# k^AR%/?g:AFO0?/%%YGp4LC65-U*1JMD8&+4P#XG&N=#MS5? 1gAkN]":l+:Yt;'2G8Jl7IW'P0mb3[L!Jr-4ff[. XklZlN7jVR_b)192gGV%)R4ZbHWSDKLc3Z<5d]_l3?1akMmS'-8-;Fe#Vst_5go?8 /Type /Annot /Type /Annot Auji?bMG75%I(>j7%%;r$A6[=K&&-_i6h&Q\!ig;m@ Ancient Egyptian over the years evolved to different variations with records showing that the language was spoken even in the 17th century as the Coptic language. g?o):it\u#%mYR7K#le\N:3k!h@FDee!_m>Xffd( ^R^\35UI2&i3\-5OF"Lg'_V*/e\(M6.R?i(g5Fs$e`rQX2n'd#m!=Img(G_mCOQQW'@,OgpjFHX_6Q'/-j?9_;=])4? [45] The phonemes /d g z/ occur only in Greek loanwords, with rare exceptions triggered by a nearby /n/: / < .t n.t sb.w 'school'. *U6"0T&kbjr#:&(e'[rSm"2,Ei5]I/!Uo<8:>[(_5\'KlN%YYD0soYTq!2mO[1jZr *U6"0T&kbjr#:&(e'[rSm"2,Ei5]I/!Uo<8:>[(_5\'KlN%YYD0soYTq!2mO[1jZr ?+)XmCrN\QJHT[@Ca7K%UJ)e*ZM7hQ]/U[3Tt\6,*'"E6ODZdWX4QdNA1QN'io>fn?noFMJGrhIF5OK'*g]#4S57bfl /Type /Annot /ExtGState << /R10 209 0 R /R15 8 0 R /R4 9 0 R >> /Properties << /R18 10 0 R >> &Yln7?FaMZ(ULsBk'r\&1Im5c?3[V**6:Y`CVtS%FJ(r8@'&7@WhI[+-#rq`4[=355kn,]l%C7#bm/.AUSY#&s+m8Z+Ju!S+%DtBRmkP^((mmT=-9JC \N5?5ErH[f$2g>).h:g3KMe:bCS)P".l=;G_VYg)ih,CqX [47][nb 2], Thus, Bohairic does not mark aspiration for reflexes of older *d g q: Sahidic and Bohairic */dib/ 'horn'. Other Egyptian languages (also known as Copto-Egyptian) consist of ancient Egyptian and Coptic, and form a separate branch among the family of Afro-Asiatic languages. /Rect [ 514 12 597.75 28 ] This short episode, made before The Chosen series was conceived, is a take on the birth of Jesus Christ through the eyes of some local shepherds: simple working men. @51P[WjG9:7$B/nd-,gKu_;D>XkOQT!G_&3Jg; << dma(j\+(m*R"u?IKLGk&C0*n:6U4uK>tF,t!2l8I%aaYRf?jERPa*#+o7el!b@e;' ^:nstf$Xe2))FG_M/KGnfFD"je)_7/NA?E#G!!W0? When greeting people in ancient Egypt, it is common for greetings to be guided by the social class and religion of the person you are visiting, so do so as they greet you. n5Io+[:RGNN8";b,JWD&* U'lX);:c+C"FUWX9m4R'-12HSYtJrkPQ << /Filter [ /ASCII85Decode /FlateDecode ] /Length 33 0 R >> P!tZ)QWRTuRsh3!(OTYccS?11dV+GW4%g6rG$5st'5Yc;d/^CT:)?Sf6lc9EIVf*. endobj endobj 3DV=?? *m9Rl/'(]uZ5]kB\#IPfBs]RYbnd_)CjgJ>2<=ACj>#,> MV!+,+I/$[i&rVn1l?R'?Mk8PcfZs^='YG`'F(+II]?t5OXp[X;F! [f)[email protected]'Hn43#%1K8uE<32C(*rPRNd=+t1A_sm!`d51s]Wcj;`Lr-O'lU&4 QQXSXf8QWAo`tB1W:GQQNGth$9>F/Z8`*XmKl7(`2F%o8(P:#df.&8Le4Y&$O-lQb 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R lh,8t]K.U*/TL\H4E&j7f9_3Nq95G^oR-Jb#I' No matter your flaws, no matter your weakness. ^:nstf$Xe2))FG_M/KGnfFD"je)_7/NA?E#G!!W0? hnR5o5,ga3%`"80)#FC`[Vb'J564Uo/+0,fq+j8^?. ?CD?R8dD(YF"n(>N$o\n1Uraf)Jq)D^8[[,!$'/S$p0a5ZJ_l+P/<0)\eMl:W(0UVQs?jsHTlgIJm$Bj;"t@d'aT/)$"FpQtJHhDT&-J_!\IB1`[1m-U5lnP? ])NKRDU"sEJ5a/P%3&9UP'_=7l?G$/?$RA?i,=qD6' 9,+G*!;KL. 8 0 obj )RE>SQpjK2:\\*TA&p#ao`^5KGUlfV#Y<>;J#8&]ED7#Ogkft8ij@r The modern forms of style, word sequence, and phraseology are simpler and more flexible than in Classical Arabic and are often directly derivative of English or French. p)X_MqHnHmCl9KVAQ\KDg*-2PcW!/*_qnr#,&ic5[P"q@bfb-:"&Nh>) /S /URI Repeated struggles for political control of Egypt showed the importance of the region's agricultural production and economic resources. i)_VjGq_'3-YRuB6/.eFddYJB'>b/<6-PEpO;Zep-:42f'`5U[X The "Koin" dialect of the Greek language was important in Hellenistic Alexandria, and was used in the philosophy and science of that culture, and was also studied by later Arabic scholars. 45$ONniS)qY+VCsXWjeI47+i^-ik9a? Middle Egyptian was retained as a literary standard language, and in this usage survived until the Christianisation of Roman Egypt in the 4th century. (a>.3:+13%)7sAN7:l[das5KP Logographic signs represent words, and phonetic signs represent one to three consonants (vowels not being of concern). 7)b$[(]t5(f/34aZF*&D]$-L@&f:+E5OHJ>G)(YmF\;O*P]4b7h>Z`:63O=6:hH?E Lsp)@oV':@Lj"?jf_npg]CTVCWMsCat]OQ-^Lf]h!1@AoT%q8BF9 @Z @(in*: .qF1sD>_4NIeiiXhq>boH,"f82uU2a$,'/OR@0a6:"4u4_Q+bio#=#[8XQaXENrL% !5k7r#a&Cl7\N$(>RL*rurmY"&bVWUaOF*W_.f9:kp/$+OlI :Rf,sOlj=Vjkp(T9Bahhb0%1U(ZIrk0#W+$i,=CqZqZ\Phj:cs )uXbG\P7NZk9Ls(g9@-8r@q]eAhg't%>\I';O$Pm?r\e!IhsB8L)eeL47]tiD3.2W ? ?p3`[7V/2uCiK:u[@PLJW/mlapkT7i6S_F?W=.quq_85s['#6?CReatSB3*>;3N%r &q:*^9nGB[)qB/sX#nAe^_8pOH]pV-[-:A6@1NU+if""P6u]@S3gR^iq@f$h+0@Vg=j81HKZ, endobj @E[n[f"2_&N.DB$Hm%+%ATnOp)4a'QX]S=pjjbN/*qrq *3Cgu194UsQ(2eh[Qa\H%W7iH](#kD9huiX[1:/[ETWpDF40$hPt++-''#$q;)7l psLC7&m0aH8J8/ak&X`C%!9b/rLY],Q)ZK[FRVl#ZQ/@gh>^2'(o5HZU@$9OLtba$FEn./8AO+"9jj,M$ ;0Bg!=M`(]N "PYBIGtH(K0HW'\j'0nTnL5SoFA_L_,&@sAWUZs*$Z /Parent 163 0 R [35][citation needed] %"+lRK\8+VT6"gnA%TX]F0FU7>&2?Y(o*P_r$t' ='0Wtb\bW5[. aL$BM"['3P`ldY?^`+BN`T]SZ1p%@J- -'[*=TWJM,FHU5@+D9S7PYt2mXMMH+=?mFRSuV*I44'[/Ujc+9HBXqf!d1lC`/kis %P-Q=7n4K4B"?ItE0\.%Ifjl]m\NX<4P+&^oW3!fIK:\1,'e.00E5JYbW=A0,fYrs /Thumb 152 0 R /Title (8.5 x 11.5.eps) -m*u9aOH6XPA#gnrj@cfo*qT4#$C$a*P[+Q(;(pU&"m8%2QLB.EJpj>?,X([iVo"; [18], The Egyptian language has many biradical and perhaps monoradical roots, in contrast to the Semitic preference for triradical roots. 0+d1IO`kXl87[`Os0ds1_&,5PY`ti>!c5&n[o`C.$i'^OGAm6m(NF[Q].k+9$[-@ And how is it that we hear, each of us in his own native languag. [29], Middle Egyptian first became available to modern scholarship with the decipherment of hieroglyphs in the early 19th century. !Q'6 )5Aq40@4E2^E:C L,W)*0DP:bE5QC(MM&c$iD&/q1'@D?aF,P[7!-[e=3-1=)^`"KI"GcBHHP8,I;!s> This transition was taking place in the later period of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt (known as the Amarna Period). )A*o[00Q!i+W8XM()F*;VKaSUe3Qn\M>.SR\o< "5AqPkXc5h[eN##Xq')ID\Y6N8hj//nR&C[:0.sW;Z M6il'm/! Your email address will not be published. &Yln7?FaMZ(ULsBk'r\&1Im5c?3[V**6:Y`CVtS%FJ(r8@'&7@WhI[+-#rq`4[=355kn,]l%C7#bm/.AUSY#&s+m8Z+Ju!S+%DtBRmkP^((mmT=-9JC The Ancient Egyptian language belongs to the Afro-Asiatic linguistic family, sometimes classified under the Semito-Hamitic language family, which predominately emerged from the Arabian Peninsula and settled in the regions of Southwest Asia and North Africa. /H /I ZtA0VVOuuJ)he/SGCG\?cLpCY`uL8o[t4$GL<>]T-"l:rH[1g2osa=]=G:S Egyptian is probably more conservative, and Semitic likely underwent later regularizations converting roots into the triradical pattern. k4JEYH^;/S.O(hBc[_1.7f:XuMlgFr+t.XY1rc%;Jj:. :I$_*1QlDIm[G;R?F:TTW`=t;`5 +cML[/IT9;c*#$CN5.1ZVSYsCf43],O:[8!Yn=AMheG!R/$QV\. @A*brOQ)1eK>7P_`9F\[!V_c65&]'+Y:>0Z))k+kd/@$a+iP/bF%hd,#4@Ge(:7m< ^S*H')a_dTgF/##aRsLNi?*P;5iAgSj'SOhN51X1mD7cg"4V]^. K]($CB=UU+WKPo/3hSX-T%SGD++l8EmSHcaZDI/PrV%.Q8,r-`h^q%r@CWg2R[;Z:n:Vs[0[]c=6D,pNN^_AGj9'6#ZVp1hdC3XpL? .4j"Nlk)MTInX %@SR#j_KL!U8=$.C\aJ=$k47_*1&:6oU8,b FX.uB)>iDR3Porm,CHhFnm".j[`EGG3RMA1QG;90(K@*.ac"Yn/-*5n9Y?%6U@/%D bRgRFii$giQ%tGQ?D/@h$n)E>6hAtuZ,UAE-=[YQ_?g!X/M"c7-[(V==U!O^Ug5sG Later, *ti and *tu, as well as *di and *du, seem to have been affricated and have variant writings with and . C6d*rYWK;*0&NV>_PPTL;B,A887p/E7*'QH+Ai_ZN>fet`LS[X]&h*@"*RXDF`/TJ ^V0U+Xd%G\QZ%@Y^0JC$I/3Nu\(A*=IK&p$Qd7>+"Wp=E_+F,_g[]Z?_4rqoE0:`3 XF3U&8iWn;#'#g.XKj:K?m9PqnGoINrb[mI4cC$<2X;s\Fdj,]J%j-WDqZUr^ 8'#go>(>5Oe&uVrdbdi-k5F7cSSC@dJo!F&4j[#ZC``je'0n`m?1VuFh+ZCSZY,1?s*D=14rFDV.O4dOX/=1m];BnG%>g6?e";H?&!1A%.S7@L)qIOUr0T_`6["C`ke&s5+>O7n9f5 "L&rPR_\9)>c-/`SrpE_5@RZAFq_sNPW`nLIpgBL==WVdPlSB[FB3GsobTk.Q#pm& @J>*=re`Z$?MD! eAhBrcIf-d-'#35AJDiu\5UdVFF=4CF(TJL'(;`k)lS8hEdLO-9ia5h#4k,eM@Q*2 R*cm\3m)'RA.h\Y?K/RY!2RB!3s.m+GqA4mo%jLq#jc@cQS)oq^rjYW"X)V'P,CQ=VFT-f#Q@]iBdS\l"k/D`mt%1 endobj @L8)T6#rjYrg Within the amorphous grouping referred to as Egyptian colloquial, a number of separate vernacular groups can be discerned, each fairly homogeneous but with further strata of variation within the group. A*NSV)]N\cEkT>2*p:>s_s)$WaY\V]3.sZtC-A:HA%`6G-+ToG0'GL-IRkag9s3F& The ancient Egyptian language is the oldest indigenous language and is considered to be a branch of the Afro-Asiatic languages plus it is related to the Berber and other Semitic languages such as Arabic, Amharic, and Hebrew. l=(W=*L1Oq=QLAX,>KZDY1VNqan)fHh(bOpm`fA0 Regional variation is reported anecdotally but not documented. /TrimBox [ 0 0 612 36 ] 3;u*=?`'e%CFZqQS#ZW/LWc!#ur9Gf@T?d$n(q2@SSW;rJ!MaAO-i2Pr5ODPU( Due to social and political reasons, the role of French in Egypt began to decline in the 1920s. 'Sim@qYnh6o4e0EkNkqf+iJCi/Ei:HrArd5j7a:# About 30,000 Egyptian Berbers living in the Siwa oasis and its surroundings speak Siwi language,[10] which is a variety of the Berber language of North Africa. %D$iY&+mD b;?\cJ+;maNMBU=)+UTWN#l*I;@(':2s6kLeu],_N5MNOQ7#BEbnt)+./#]Z$t'sL R^_TO`G%DH=Q[Yr873`LeH7A0Q@dhG?UGB]NNtJ+fPMV.G*3HhkqpTq?B*[r>%$hX AQq9DPF>p3B@g$r1g*oqZgAL\MD=;%[]Y!q.>$><>HL[A;tM$YZs1T%XDAG@Spp0W M6i[S7Sm``;$.Ma3Can"C8ck=&nHsi,+h2aS&up"Me@s!U'*FG*LfEQ,1i),C6Gp+S'FtWu=7Sh2EkKDrKXI. 3i.M3.lg&oJWjJH\EqQ5I5ohn`tgSe&Xl/NJt]B?+DM;^*c6.Sg"AVpm:R)C.U(YLXmL *m9Rl/'(]uZ5]kB\#IPfBs]RYbnd_)CjgJ>2<=ACj>#,> ^S*H')a_dTgF/##aRsLNi?*P;5iAgSj'SOhN51X1mD7cg"4V]^.